Using specialization hierarchies can provide an efficient application development structure. Justify the use of surrogate primary keys for a database design.

“Preparing an Adequate Data Model” Please respond to the following:

• Using specialization hierarchies can provide an efficient application development structure. Justify the use of surrogate primary keys for a database design. Provide an example to support your response.
• Historical data can be important to measuring performance. Prepare an example on how time-variant data can be properly captured and maintained within a database system.